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    <li><a href="#什么是-xml">什么是 XML？</a></li>
    <li><a href="#python-对-xml-的解析">Python 对 XML 的解析</a>
      <ul>
        <li><a href="#1sax-simple-api-for-xml-">1.SAX (simple API for XML )</a></li>
        <li><a href="#2domdocument-object-model">2.DOM(Document Object Model)</a></li>
      </ul>
    </li>
    <li><a href="#实例">实例</a></li>
    <li><a href="#python-使用-sax-解析-xml">Python 使用 SAX 解析 xml</a>
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        <li><a href="#contenthandler-类方法介绍">ContentHandler 类方法介绍</a></li>
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    <li><a href="#parser-方法">parser 方法</a></li>
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    <li><a href="#python-解析xml实例">Python 解析XML实例</a></li>
    <li><a href="#实例-1">实例</a></li>
    <li><a href="#使用xmldom解析xml">使用xml.dom解析xml</a></li>
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    <article class="post">
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            <h1 class="post-title">Python3Xml解析</h1>
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        <date class="post-meta meta-date">
            2021年9月15日
        </date>
        
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            <span>|</span>
            
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            <h2 id="什么是-xml">什么是 XML？</h2>
<p>XML 指可扩展标记语言（e<strong>X</strong>tensible <strong>M</strong>arkup <strong>L</strong>anguage），标准通用标记语言的子集，是一种用于标记电子文件使其具有结构性的标记语言。</p>
<p>XML 被设计用来传输和存储数据。</p>
<p>XML 是一套定义语义标记的规则，这些标记将文档分成许多部件并对这些部件加以标识。</p>
<p>它也是元标记语言，即定义了用于定义其他与特定领域有关的、语义的、结构化的标记语言的句法语言。</p>
<hr>
<h2 id="python-对-xml-的解析">Python 对 XML 的解析</h2>
<p>常见的 XML 编程接口有 DOM 和 SAX，这两种接口处理 XML 文件的方式不同，当然使用场合也不同。</p>
<p>Python 有三种方法解析 XML，SAX，DOM，以及 ElementTree:</p>
<h3 id="1sax-simple-api-for-xml-">1.SAX (simple API for XML )</h3>
<p>Python 标准库包含 SAX 解析器，SAX 用事件驱动模型，通过在解析 XML 的过程中触发一个个的事件并调用用户定义的回调函数来处理 XML 文件。</p>
<h3 id="2domdocument-object-model">2.DOM(Document Object Model)</h3>
<p>将 XML 数据在内存中解析成一个树，通过对树的操作来操作 XML。</p>
<p>本章节使用到的 XML 实例文件 <strong>movies.xml</strong> 内容如下：</p>
<h2 id="实例">实例</h2>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-python" data-lang="python"><span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>collection shelf<span style="color:#f92672">=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;New Arrivals&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>movie title<span style="color:#f92672">=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;Enemy Behind&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
   <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>type<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>War, Thriller<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/</span>type<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
   <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>format<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>DVD<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/</span>format<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
   <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>year<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span><span style="color:#ae81ff">2003</span><span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/</span>year<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
   <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>rating<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>PG<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/</span>rating<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
   <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>stars<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span><span style="color:#ae81ff">10</span><span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/</span>stars<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
   <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>description<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>Talk about a US<span style="color:#f92672">-</span>Japan war<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/</span>description<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/</span>movie<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>movie title<span style="color:#f92672">=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;Transformers&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
   <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>type<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>Anime, Science Fiction<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/</span>type<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
   <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>format<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>DVD<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/</span>format<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
   <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>year<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span><span style="color:#ae81ff">1989</span><span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/</span>year<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
   <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>rating<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>R<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/</span>rating<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
   <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>stars<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span><span style="color:#ae81ff">8</span><span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/</span>stars<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
   <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>description<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>A schientific fiction<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/</span>description<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/</span>movie<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
   <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>movie title<span style="color:#f92672">=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;Trigun&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
   <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>type<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>Anime, Action<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/</span>type<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
   <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>format<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>DVD<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/</span>format<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
   <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>episodes<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span><span style="color:#ae81ff">4</span><span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/</span>episodes<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
   <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>rating<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>PG<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/</span>rating<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
   <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>stars<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span><span style="color:#ae81ff">10</span><span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/</span>stars<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
   <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>description<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>Vash the Stampede<span style="color:#960050;background-color:#1e0010">!</span><span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/</span>description<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/</span>movie<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>movie title<span style="color:#f92672">=</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;Ishtar&#34;</span><span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
   <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>type<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>Comedy<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/</span>type<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
   <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>format<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>VHS<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/</span>format<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
   <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>rating<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>PG<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/</span>rating<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
   <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>stars<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span><span style="color:#ae81ff">2</span><span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/</span>stars<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
   <span style="color:#f92672">&lt;</span>description<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>Viewable boredom<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/</span>description<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/</span>movie<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
<span style="color:#f92672">&lt;/</span>collection<span style="color:#f92672">&gt;</span>
</code></pre></div><hr>
<h2 id="python-使用-sax-解析-xml">Python 使用 SAX 解析 xml</h2>
<p>SAX 是一种基于事件驱动的API。</p>
<p>利用 SAX 解析 XML 文档牵涉到两个部分: <strong>解析器</strong>和<strong>事件处理器</strong>。</p>
<p>解析器负责读取 XML 文档，并向事件处理器发送事件，如元素开始跟元素结束事件。</p>
<p>而事件处理器则负责对事件作出响应，对传递的 XML 数据进行处理。</p>
<ul>
<li>1、对大型文件进行处理；</li>
<li>2、只需要文件的部分内容，或者只需从文件中得到特定信息。</li>
<li>3、想建立自己的对象模型的时候。</li>
</ul>
<p>在 Python 中使用 sax 方式处理 xml 要先引入 xml.sax 中的 parse 函数，还有 xml.sax.handler 中的 ContentHandler。</p>
<h3 id="contenthandler-类方法介绍">ContentHandler 类方法介绍</h3>
<p><strong>characters(content) 方法</strong></p>
<p>调用时机：</p>
<p>从行开始，遇到标签之前，存在字符，content 的值为这些字符串。</p>
<p>从一个标签，遇到下一个标签之前， 存在字符，content 的值为这些字符串。</p>
<p>从一个标签，遇到行结束符之前，存在字符，content 的值为这些字符串。</p>
<p>标签可以是开始标签，也可以是结束标签。</p>
<p><strong>startDocument() 方法</strong></p>
<p>文档启动的时候调用。</p>
<p><strong>endDocument() 方法</strong></p>
<p>解析器到达文档结尾时调用。</p>
<p><strong>startElement(name, attrs) 方法</strong></p>
<p>遇到XML开始标签时调用，name 是标签的名字，attrs 是标签的属性值字典。</p>
<p><strong>endElement(name) 方法</strong></p>
<p>遇到XML结束标签时调用。</p>
<hr>
<h2 id="make_parser-方法">make_parser 方法</h2>
<p>以下方法创建一个新的解析器对象并返回。</p>
<pre><code>xml.sax.make_parser( [parser_list] )
</code></pre><p>参数说明:</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>parser_list</strong> - 可选参数，解析器列表</li>
</ul>
<hr>
<h2 id="parser-方法">parser 方法</h2>
<p>以下方法创建一个 SAX 解析器并解析xml文档：</p>
<pre><code>xml.sax.parse( xmlfile, contenthandler[, errorhandler])
</code></pre><p>参数说明:</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>xmlfile</strong> - xml文件名</li>
<li><strong>contenthandler</strong> - 必须是一个 ContentHandler 的对象</li>
<li><strong>errorhandler</strong> - 如果指定该参数，errorhandler 必须是一个 SAX ErrorHandler 对象</li>
</ul>
<hr>
<h2 id="parsestring-方法">parseString 方法</h2>
<p>parseString 方法创建一个 XML 解析器并解析 xml 字符串：</p>
<pre><code>xml.sax.parseString(xmlstring, contenthandler[, errorhandler])
</code></pre><p>参数说明:</p>
<ul>
<li><strong>xmlstring</strong> - xml字符串</li>
<li><strong>contenthandler</strong> - 必须是一个 ContentHandler 的对象</li>
<li><strong>errorhandler</strong> - 如果指定该参数，errorhandler 必须是一个 SAX ErrorHandler对象</li>
</ul>
<hr>
<h2 id="python-解析xml实例">Python 解析XML实例</h2>
<h2 id="实例-1">实例</h2>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-python" data-lang="python"><span style="color:#75715e">#!/usr/bin/python3</span>

<span style="color:#f92672">import</span> xml.sax

<span style="color:#66d9ef">class</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">MovieHandler</span>( xml<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>sax<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>ContentHandler ):
   <span style="color:#66d9ef">def</span> __init__(self):
      self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>CurrentData <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;&#34;</span>
      self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>type <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;&#34;</span>
      self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>format <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;&#34;</span>
      self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>year <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;&#34;</span>
      self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>rating <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;&#34;</span>
      self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>stars <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;&#34;</span>
      self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>description <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;&#34;</span>

   <span style="color:#75715e"># 元素开始调用</span>
   <span style="color:#66d9ef">def</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">startElement</span>(self, tag, attributes):
      self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>CurrentData <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> tag
      <span style="color:#66d9ef">if</span> tag <span style="color:#f92672">==</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;movie&#34;</span>:
         <span style="color:#66d9ef">print</span> (<span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;*****Movie*****&#34;</span>)
         title <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> attributes[<span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;title&#34;</span>]
         <span style="color:#66d9ef">print</span> (<span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;Title:&#34;</span>, title)

   <span style="color:#75715e"># 元素结束调用</span>
   <span style="color:#66d9ef">def</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">endElement</span>(self, tag):
      <span style="color:#66d9ef">if</span> self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>CurrentData <span style="color:#f92672">==</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;type&#34;</span>:
         <span style="color:#66d9ef">print</span> (<span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;Type:&#34;</span>, self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>type)
      <span style="color:#66d9ef">elif</span> self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>CurrentData <span style="color:#f92672">==</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;format&#34;</span>:
         <span style="color:#66d9ef">print</span> (<span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;Format:&#34;</span>, self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>format)
      <span style="color:#66d9ef">elif</span> self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>CurrentData <span style="color:#f92672">==</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;year&#34;</span>:
         <span style="color:#66d9ef">print</span> (<span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;Year:&#34;</span>, self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>year)
      <span style="color:#66d9ef">elif</span> self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>CurrentData <span style="color:#f92672">==</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;rating&#34;</span>:
         <span style="color:#66d9ef">print</span> (<span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;Rating:&#34;</span>, self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>rating)
      <span style="color:#66d9ef">elif</span> self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>CurrentData <span style="color:#f92672">==</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;stars&#34;</span>:
         <span style="color:#66d9ef">print</span> (<span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;Stars:&#34;</span>, self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>stars)
      <span style="color:#66d9ef">elif</span> self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>CurrentData <span style="color:#f92672">==</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;description&#34;</span>:
         <span style="color:#66d9ef">print</span> (<span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;Description:&#34;</span>, self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>description)
      self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>CurrentData <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;&#34;</span>

   <span style="color:#75715e"># 读取字符时调用</span>
   <span style="color:#66d9ef">def</span> <span style="color:#a6e22e">characters</span>(self, content):
      <span style="color:#66d9ef">if</span> self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>CurrentData <span style="color:#f92672">==</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;type&#34;</span>:
         self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>type <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> content
      <span style="color:#66d9ef">elif</span> self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>CurrentData <span style="color:#f92672">==</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;format&#34;</span>:
         self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>format <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> content
      <span style="color:#66d9ef">elif</span> self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>CurrentData <span style="color:#f92672">==</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;year&#34;</span>:
         self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>year <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> content
      <span style="color:#66d9ef">elif</span> self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>CurrentData <span style="color:#f92672">==</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;rating&#34;</span>:
         self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>rating <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> content
      <span style="color:#66d9ef">elif</span> self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>CurrentData <span style="color:#f92672">==</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;stars&#34;</span>:
         self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>stars <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> content
      <span style="color:#66d9ef">elif</span> self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>CurrentData <span style="color:#f92672">==</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;description&#34;</span>:
         self<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>description <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> content
 
<span style="color:#66d9ef">if</span> ( __name__ <span style="color:#f92672">==</span> <span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;__main__&#34;</span>):
   
   <span style="color:#75715e"># 创建一个 XMLReader</span>
   parser <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> xml<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>sax<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>make_parser()
   <span style="color:#75715e"># 关闭命名空间</span>
   parser<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>setFeature(xml<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>sax<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>handler<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>feature_namespaces, <span style="color:#ae81ff">0</span>)

   <span style="color:#75715e"># 重写 ContextHandler</span>
   Handler <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> MovieHandler()
   parser<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>setContentHandler( Handler )
   
   parser<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>parse(<span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;movies.xml&#34;</span>)
</code></pre></div><p>以上代码执行结果如下：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-python" data-lang="python"><span style="color:#f92672">*****</span>Movie<span style="color:#f92672">*****</span>
Title: Enemy Behind
Type: War, Thriller
Format: DVD
Year: <span style="color:#ae81ff">2003</span>
Rating: PG
Stars: <span style="color:#ae81ff">10</span>
Description: Talk about a US<span style="color:#f92672">-</span>Japan war
<span style="color:#f92672">*****</span>Movie<span style="color:#f92672">*****</span>
Title: Transformers
Type: Anime, Science Fiction
Format: DVD
Year: <span style="color:#ae81ff">1989</span>
Rating: R
Stars: <span style="color:#ae81ff">8</span>
Description: A schientific fiction
<span style="color:#f92672">*****</span>Movie<span style="color:#f92672">*****</span>
Title: Trigun
Type: Anime, Action
Format: DVD
Rating: PG
Stars: <span style="color:#ae81ff">10</span>
Description: Vash the Stampede<span style="color:#960050;background-color:#1e0010">!</span>
<span style="color:#f92672">*****</span>Movie<span style="color:#f92672">*****</span>
Title: Ishtar
Type: Comedy
Format: VHS
Rating: PG
Stars: <span style="color:#ae81ff">2</span>
Description: Viewable boredom
</code></pre></div><p>完整的 SAX API 文档请查阅<a href="https://docs.python.org/library/xml.sax.html">Python SAX APIs</a></p>
<hr>
<h2 id="使用xmldom解析xml">使用xml.dom解析xml</h2>
<p>文件对象模型（Document Object Model，简称DOM），是W3C组织推荐的处理可扩展置标语言的标准编程接口。</p>
<p>一个 DOM 的解析器在解析一个 XML 文档时，一次性读取整个文档，把文档中所有元素保存在内存中的一个树结构里，之后你可以利用DOM 提供的不同的函数来读取或修改文档的内容和结构，也可以把修改过的内容写入xml文件。</p>
<p>Python 中用 xml.dom.minidom 来解析 xml 文件，实例如下：</p>
<h2 id="实例-2">实例</h2>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-python" data-lang="python"><span style="color:#75715e">#!/usr/bin/python3</span>

<span style="color:#f92672">from</span> xml.dom.minidom <span style="color:#f92672">import</span> parse
<span style="color:#f92672">import</span> xml.dom.minidom

<span style="color:#75715e"># 使用minidom解析器打开 XML 文档</span>
DOMTree <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> xml<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>dom<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>minidom<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>parse(<span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;movies.xml&#34;</span>)
collection <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> DOMTree<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>documentElement
<span style="color:#66d9ef">if</span> collection<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>hasAttribute(<span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;shelf&#34;</span>):
   <span style="color:#66d9ef">print</span> (<span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;Root element : </span><span style="color:#e6db74">%s</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;</span> <span style="color:#f92672">%</span> collection<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>getAttribute(<span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;shelf&#34;</span>))

<span style="color:#75715e"># 在集合中获取所有电影</span>
movies <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> collection<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>getElementsByTagName(<span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;movie&#34;</span>)

<span style="color:#75715e"># 打印每部电影的详细信息</span>
<span style="color:#66d9ef">for</span> movie <span style="color:#f92672">in</span> movies:
   <span style="color:#66d9ef">print</span> (<span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;*****Movie*****&#34;</span>)
   <span style="color:#66d9ef">if</span> movie<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>hasAttribute(<span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;title&#34;</span>):
      <span style="color:#66d9ef">print</span> (<span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;Title: </span><span style="color:#e6db74">%s</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;</span> <span style="color:#f92672">%</span> movie<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>getAttribute(<span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;title&#34;</span>))

   type <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> movie<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>getElementsByTagName(<span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;type&#39;</span>)[<span style="color:#ae81ff">0</span>]
   <span style="color:#66d9ef">print</span> (<span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;Type: </span><span style="color:#e6db74">%s</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;</span> <span style="color:#f92672">%</span> type<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>childNodes[<span style="color:#ae81ff">0</span>]<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>data)
   format <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> movie<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>getElementsByTagName(<span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;format&#39;</span>)[<span style="color:#ae81ff">0</span>]
   <span style="color:#66d9ef">print</span> (<span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;Format: </span><span style="color:#e6db74">%s</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;</span> <span style="color:#f92672">%</span> format<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>childNodes[<span style="color:#ae81ff">0</span>]<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>data)
   rating <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> movie<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>getElementsByTagName(<span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;rating&#39;</span>)[<span style="color:#ae81ff">0</span>]
   <span style="color:#66d9ef">print</span> (<span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;Rating: </span><span style="color:#e6db74">%s</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;</span> <span style="color:#f92672">%</span> rating<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>childNodes[<span style="color:#ae81ff">0</span>]<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>data)
   description <span style="color:#f92672">=</span> movie<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>getElementsByTagName(<span style="color:#e6db74">&#39;description&#39;</span>)[<span style="color:#ae81ff">0</span>]
   <span style="color:#66d9ef">print</span> (<span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;Description: </span><span style="color:#e6db74">%s</span><span style="color:#e6db74">&#34;</span> <span style="color:#f92672">%</span> description<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>childNodes[<span style="color:#ae81ff">0</span>]<span style="color:#f92672">.</span>data)
</code></pre></div><p>以上程序执行结果如下：</p>
<div class="highlight"><pre style="color:#f8f8f2;background-color:#272822;-moz-tab-size:4;-o-tab-size:4;tab-size:4"><code class="language-python" data-lang="python">Root element : New Arrivals
<span style="color:#f92672">*****</span>Movie<span style="color:#f92672">*****</span>
Title: Enemy Behind
Type: War, Thriller
Format: DVD
Rating: PG
Description: Talk about a US<span style="color:#f92672">-</span>Japan war
<span style="color:#f92672">*****</span>Movie<span style="color:#f92672">*****</span>
Title: Transformers
Type: Anime, Science Fiction
Format: DVD
Rating: R
Description: A schientific fiction
<span style="color:#f92672">*****</span>Movie<span style="color:#f92672">*****</span>
Title: Trigun
Type: Anime, Action
Format: DVD
Rating: PG
Description: Vash the Stampede<span style="color:#960050;background-color:#1e0010">!</span>
<span style="color:#f92672">*****</span>Movie<span style="color:#f92672">*****</span>
Title: Ishtar
Type: Comedy
Format: VHS
Rating: PG
Description: Viewable boredom
</code></pre></div>
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